fix(web): proxy Apple charts (CORS) + clear message when Apple search is blocked

Confirmed via curl from a clean IP: Apple's iTunes /search returns 403 (blocked
server-side, likely datacenter-IP anti-scraping) while /lookup?id= still returns 200.
So the Erkunden Apple search fails through no fault of ours.

- Charts: the "most-played" RSS (rss.applemarketingtools.com) was fetched directly
  from the browser and hit CORS; proxy it via /api/itunes-charts/:kind.
- Error visibility: itunesSearch records the last outcome (HTTP status / network);
  the global-search view now shows "Apple-Suche gerade nicht verfügbar" with the
  reason (403 = Apple blocks the API, not you) instead of a blank "no results".
- iTunes proxy now forwards the upstream status code instead of always 200.

Deezer (free, no key, ~50 req/5s) is the planned search fallback; MusicBrainz is too
rate-limited (1/s) for interactive search.

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.8 <noreply@anthropic.com>

src/api.js

@@ -272,14 +272,29 @@ export async function romajiConvert(texts) {
 function _itunesBase() {
   return S.cfg.backendUrl ? `${S.cfg.backendUrl}/api/itunes` : 'https://itunes.apple.com';
 }
+// Apple charts RSS — proxied through the backend (browsers can't fetch rss.applemarketingtools.com;
+// no CORS header). kind = albums | songs.
+function _chartsUrl(country, kind) {
+  return S.cfg.backendUrl
+    ? `${S.cfg.backendUrl}/api/itunes-charts/${kind}?country=${country}`
+    : `https://rss.applemarketingtools.com/api/v2/${country}/music/most-played/50/${kind}.json`;
+}
+
+// Last iTunes /search outcome: null = ok, else the HTTP status (e.g. 403 when Apple blocks the
+// Search API) or 'network'. Read by the search view to tell "no results" apart from "API down".
+let _itunesLastError = null;
+export function itunesLastError() { return _itunesLastError; }
 
 export async function itunesSearch(query, entity='musicTrack', limit=25) {
   try {
     // US store only — one consistent naming source across search + download (matches the Android
     // client, which is already US). A single fetch also halves the iTunes request rate.
     const r = await fetch(`${_itunesBase()}/search?term=${encodeURIComponent(query)}&media=music&entity=${entity}&limit=${limit}&country=us&explicit=Yes`);
-    return JSON.parse(await r.text()).results || [];
-  } catch { return []; }
+    if (!r.ok) { _itunesLastError = r.status; return []; }
+    _itunesLastError = null;
+    const t = await r.text();
+    return t ? (JSON.parse(t).results || []) : [];
+  } catch { _itunesLastError = 'network'; return []; }
 }
 
 export async function itunesLookupAlbum(collectionId) {
@@ -302,10 +317,7 @@ export async function itunesLookupArtistAlbums(artistId, limit=200) {
 }
 
 export async function itunesTopCharts() {
-  const urls = [
-    'https://rss.applemarketingtools.com/api/v2/de/music/most-played/50/albums.json',
-    'https://rss.applemarketingtools.com/api/v2/us/music/most-played/50/albums.json',
-  ];
+  const urls = [_chartsUrl('de', 'albums'), _chartsUrl('us', 'albums')];
   for(const url of urls) {
     try {
       const r = await fetch(url, { signal: AbortSignal.timeout(6000) });
@@ -325,10 +337,7 @@ export async function itunesTopCharts() {
 }
 
 export async function itunesTopSongs() {
-  const urls = [
-    'https://rss.applemarketingtools.com/api/v2/de/music/most-played/50/songs.json',
-    'https://rss.applemarketingtools.com/api/v2/us/music/most-played/50/songs.json',
-  ];
+  const urls = [_chartsUrl('de', 'songs'), _chartsUrl('us', 'songs')];
   for(const url of urls) {
     try {
       const r = await fetch(url, { signal: AbortSignal.timeout(6000) });

src/views/search.js

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { S } from '../state.js';
 import { esc, toast } from '../utils.js';
-import { api, itunesSearch, itunesLookupAlbum, fetchRomajiIndex, dispArtistById } from '../api.js';
+import { api, itunesSearch, itunesLastError, itunesLookupAlbum, fetchRomajiIndex, dispArtistById } from '../api.js';
 import { makeCard, makeAlbumCard, makeGlobalTrackItem, makeSongItem, mkSection } from '../ui/components.js';
 import { playPreview } from '../player/player.js';
 import { openDlModal } from '../ui/ui.js';
@@ -175,7 +175,19 @@ export async function doGlobalSearch(q) {
       s.appendChild(list); el.appendChild(s);
     }
     if(!artists.length && !albums.length && !trackResults.length) {
-      el.innerHTML = '<div class="empty-state"><div class="icon">🔍</div><p>Keine Ergebnisse gefunden</p></div>';
+      const err = itunesLastError();
+      if (err) {
+        // Distinguish "genuinely no results" from "Apple search is down" so the user knows where the
+        // problem is. Apple currently blocks the Search API (/search) with 403 from many server IPs.
+        const detail = err === 403
+          ? 'Apple blockt gerade die Such-API (Fehler 403). Das liegt an Apple, nicht an dir — Downloads per Direktlink funktionieren weiter.'
+          : err === 'network'
+            ? 'Keine Verbindung zur Apple-Such-API (Netzwerk/Backend). Läuft dein Backend?'
+            : `Apple-Suche nicht verfügbar (Fehler ${err}).`;
+        el.innerHTML = `<div class="empty-state"><div class="icon">⚠️</div><p>Apple-Suche gerade nicht verfügbar</p><p style="font-size:12px;color:var(--text3);max-width:420px;margin:8px auto 0">${detail}</p></div>`;
+      } else {
+        el.innerHTML = '<div class="empty-state"><div class="icon">🔍</div><p>Keine Ergebnisse gefunden</p></div>';
+      }
     }
   } catch(e) { el.innerHTML = `<p style="color:var(--danger)">Suche fehlgeschlagen: ${e.message}</p>`; }
 }